Industry

An industry is generally any grouping of businesses that share a common method of generating profits, such as the music industry, the automobile industry, or the cattle industry. It is also used specifically to refer to an area of economic production focused on manufacturing which involves large amounts of capital investment before any profit can be realized, also called "heavy industry.As-of 2004, Financial services is the largest industry or category of industries in the world in terms of earnings.

Industry in the second sense became a key sector of production in European and North American countries during the Industrial Revolution, which upset previous mercantile and feudal economies through many successive rapid advances in technology, such as the development of steam engines, power looms, and advances in large scale steel and coal production. Industrial countries then assumed a capitalist economic policy. Railroads and steam-powered ships began speedily integrating previously impossibly-distant world markets, enabling private companies to develop to then-unheard of size and wealth. Manufacturing is a wealth-producing sector of an economy. Other sectors such as the service sector tend to be wealth consuming sectors. Following the Industrial Revolution, perhaps a third of the world's economic output is derived from manufacturing industries—more than agriculture's share.

Capital market

The capital market is the market for securities, where companies and the government can heave long-term funds. It includes the stock market and the bond market. Financial regulators, such as the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, oversee the capital markets in their selected countries to make certain that investors are protected against fraud. The capital markets consist of the primary market, where new issues are spread to investors, and the secondary market, where existing securities are traded.

Automobiles in Society

This paper is a revise of the impact of the growing of automobiles on the global environment, people’s lives and health, and the formation of Western culture. In addition to survey the impact of automobiles, technologies that have been developed to cope with the problems will be examine, as well as potential long-term solution to the community and ecological troubles caused by automobiles.

While the ecological collision of automobiles on society may be supposed in more material terms, the size of its social impact is more theoretical in its definition. Mark Delucchi suggests that the total social cost of automobile use is the welfare dissimilarity between the current motor vehicle system and a system which provides exactly the same services but without time, manpower, materials, or energy - in short without cost. This explanation of the social cost of automobiles alludes to several general categories of impact, such as personal non-monetary costs, bundled private sector costs, government costs, and various externalities.